The famous scientist Isaac Newton, who lived between 1643-1727, made important discoveries in his life during this process. One of them is “Mass Gravitational Force” with its scientific term; The familiar usage that sounds unfamiliar is “Gravity”.
We can clearly see in “Memoirs of Sir Isaac Newton’s Life” written by Archaeologist William Stukeley that this discovery is not as simple as the story of Newton’s sudden discovery under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head.
Well, have you ever thought why does the apple descend vertically to the ground?
The reason is precisely because the earth attracts it, there must be a pulling force in matter! The sum of the Earth’s gravitational force is not on any one side of the Earth; It must be at the center of the Earth. For this reason, the apple always falls vertically in the centre; The apple attracts the Earth, and the Earth attracts the apple. The falling of the apple was instrumental in developing the hypothesis that Newton had already considered, which was later adopted as the “Universal Law of Gravitation”.
What is this gravitational law?
The gravitational force, which is known together with Newton, is so important that all other planets and the Earth, as well as the gravitational force, are known in the society. It allows them to navigate in a certain orbit without approaching the Sun. The gravitational force is an invisible force that pulls all the planets and objects of mass in the Milky Way towards each other.
We should not forget that everything with mass has a gravitational force, and the gravitational force applied by every object that increases in volume increases in the same direction. One of the most important points that should not be overlooked here is the distance between the items. The closer the two substances are to each other, the greater the gravitational force they exert on each other.
What if there was a reduction in the force of gravity?
You may remember that the galaxies and stars in the universe always stay in orbits of each other, which we started to learn from our primary school books. Any change that may occur in the gravitational force will subsequently cause the whole order to change and deteriorate. If there is a decrease in the gravitational force; The Earth would come out of orbit, the stars would fall, and of course all living things would start floating in the vacuum of space. Sounds fun, doesn’t it, in fact, things are not like that at all.
Yes, if the gravitational force decreases, the world will end, but if the gravitational force increases?
On the contrary, if there is an increase in the gravitational force; the Earth, which cannot exert a repulsive force on each other, approaches the Sun; the stars could collide, and the sad end would be inevitable for living things.
Gemini Project
As scientists continue to search for life beyond Earth, NASA astronauts Mark and Scott Kelly are twins. started an experiment on the Gemini Project, which will shed light on human history on siblings. The reason for this was to determine the changes in the vital functions of his body with his twin Mark, who continues to live on Earth, and to guide science. Scott Kelly returned to Earth on March 2, 2016, after 340 days in space.
It has been observed that astronaut Scott Kelly’s exposure to long space travel in space, along with the stress he experienced, caused a serious change in the metabolism of radiation and non-gravity environment. During his time in space, inflammation in his body, delayed healing of wounds, loss of bone and muscle mass, deterioration in the sense of balance and sleep patterns, changes in the microbiome, weakening of the immune system, decrease in the number of red blood cells (space anemia), changes in the shape of the eyes and 5 It was determined that the elongation was around cm.
NASA research group, by showing that body functions that develop due to gravity on Earth will change in another environment where gravity is different, such as a space station, thanks to this project. He continues to monitor the lasting effects on Scott Kelly, who retired from his post at NASA in April 2016.
In the future, as we continue to look for traces of life on other planets, it will continue to be the duty of scientists and essentially all humanity to detect the negative effects that may occur in gravitational irregularity and to propose solutions against them. We can look forward to the day when these concerns will be resolved and perhaps talk about the success of the point we have reached on another planet!
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